There is various food consumption patterns in the EMR countries associated with the risks of chronic disease. A low intake of fruit and vegetables may be associated with some types of cancer. A high intake of energy-dense foods and sugary drinks is associated with obesity. A high intake of saturated fat and salty foods, in addition to a low intake of complex carbohydrates is associated with cardiovascular disease. The increasing prevalence of osteoporosis may be associated in part to low intake of vitamin D and calcium in the Region.
Several recommendations have been suggested to obtain more reliable data on food consumption patterns in the EMR countries.